98 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
98 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
### Remove trailing spaces
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`:%s/\s\+$//e`
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### Create a password-protected file using vim:
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`vim -x ostechnix.txt`
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### To remove the password, open the file using vim:
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`vim ostechnix.txt`
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And type:
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`:set key=`
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Finally type `:wq` to save and close the file.
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### Indent the whole file in VIM ([Source](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/506075/how-do-i-fix-the-indentation-of-an-entire-file-in-vi))
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`gg=G`
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### Text selection ([Source](https://www.cs.swarthmore.edu/oldhelp/vim/selection.html))
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```
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V - selects entire lines
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v - selects range of text
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ctrl-v - selects columns
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gv - reselect block
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```
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### Basics (command mode)
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* `:open FILE_PATH` : open a file
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* `x` - to delete the unwanted character
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* `u` - to undo the last the command and U to undo the whole line
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* `CTRL-R` to redo
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* `U` - return the last line which was modified to its original state (reverse all changes in last modified line)
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* `A` - to append text at the end
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* `:wq` - to save and exit
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* `:q!` - to trash all changes
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* `dw` - move the cursor to the beginning of the word to delete that word
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* `2w` - to move the cursor two words forward.
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* `3e` - to move the cursor to the end of the third word forward.
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* `0` (zero) to move to the start of the line.
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* `d2w` - which deletes 2 words .. You can change the paramater, e.g `d3w` for deleting three consecutive words.
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* `dd` to delete the line and `2dd` to delete to line . Change the number for deleting the number of consecutive words.
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* `p` - puts the previously deleted text after the cursor(Type `dd` to delete the line and store it in a Vim register. and `p` to put the line)
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* `r` - to replace the letter e.g press re to replace the letter with e
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* `ce` - to change until the end of a word (place the cursor on the u in lubw it will delete ubw )
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* `ce` - deletes the word and places you in Insert mode
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* `G` - to move you to the bottom of the file.
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* `gg` - to move you to the start of the file.
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* Type the number of the line you were on and then `G`
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% to find a matching ),], or }
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* `:s/old/new/g` to substitute 'new' for 'old' where `g` is globally
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* `/` backward search n to find the next occurrence and N to search in opposite direction
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* `?` forward search
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* `:!` to run the shell commands like `:!dir`, `:!ls`
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* `:w` - TEST (where TEST is the filename you chose.) . Save the file
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* `v` - starts visual mode for selecting the lines and you can perform operation on that like d delete
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* `:r` - Filename will insert the content into the current file
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* `R` - to replace more than one character
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* `y` - operator to copy text using `v` visual mode and `p` to paste it
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* `yw` - (copy)yanks one word
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* `o` - opens a line below the cursor and start Insert mode.
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* `O` - opens a line above the cursor.
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* `a` - inserts text after the cursor.
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* `A` - inserts text after the end of the line.
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* `e` - command moves to the end of a word.
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* `y` - operator yanks (copies) text,`p` puts (pastes) it.
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* `R` - enters Replace mode until `<ESC>` is pressed.
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* `ctrl-w` to jump from one window to another (see also Window Management section)
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### Executing commands (shell)
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use current buffer as input of a shell command
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* `:%! grep hello` to search for all lines containing hello in the current buffer ([Source](https://superuser.com/a/1507327/453117))
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### Window management
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* `:tabe filename` to open a file in a new tab ([Source](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/27587/220566))
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* `gT` and `gt` can be used to switch between tabs ([Source](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/27587/220566))
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* `vim -p file1 file2` to open files in tabs ([Source](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/27586/how-can-i-edit-multiple-files-in-vim#comment37261_27587))
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* `:sp [file]` or `Ctrl+W, s` : split the window (horizontally) ([Source](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/27616/220566))
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* `:vsp [file]` or `Ctrl+W, v` : split the window (vertically) ([Source](https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/27616/220566))
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* `Ctrl+w, l` : move to the right window from the left ([Source](https://linuxhint.com/how-to-use-vim-split-screen/))
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* `Ctrl+w, h` : move to the left window again ([Source](https://linuxhint.com/how-to-use-vim-split-screen/))
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* To find more commands: [How To Use VIM Split Screen](https://linuxhint.com/how-to-use-vim-split-screen/)
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### Buffer management
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* `:bf` go to first file
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* `:bn` go to next file
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* `:bp` go to previous file
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* `:bl` go to last file
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* `:bw` close file
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* `:help buffer` to find more information
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### Sources
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* [Basic Vim commands - For getting started](https://coderwall.com/p/adv71w/basic-vim-commands-for-getting-started)
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